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Sir John Vincent Hurt, (born 22 January 1940)〔 〕〔(【引用サイトリンク】 title=John Hurt Biography: Film Actor, Theater Actor, Television Actor (1940–) )〕 is an English actor. Hurt has had a career spanning six decades and initially came to prominence for his supporting role as Richard Rich in the film ''A Man for All Seasons'' (1966). Since then he has played leading roles as Quentin Crisp in the TV film ''The Naked Civil Servant'' (1975), the deformed man John Merrick in David Lynch's biopic ''The Elephant Man'' (1980), Winston Smith in the dystopian drama ''Nineteen Eighty-Four'' (1984), Mr. Braddock in the Stephen Frears drama ''The Hit'' (1984), and Stephen Ward in the drama depicting the Profumo affair, ''Scandal'' (1989). He is also known for his television roles as Caligula in ''I, Claudius'' (1976), and the War Doctor in the ''Doctor Who'' 50th anniversary special, "The Day of the Doctor" (2013). Hurt's other films include the prison drama ''Midnight Express'' (1978), the science-fiction horror film ''Alien'' (1979), the adventure film ''Rob Roy'' (1995), the political thriller ''V for Vendetta'' (2006), the sci-fi adventure film ''Indiana Jones and the Kingdom of the Crystal Skull'' (2008), the ''Harry Potter'' film series (2001–11), the ''Hellboy'' films (2004 and 2008), and the Cold War espionage film ''Tinker Tailor Soldier Spy'' (2011). His character's final scene in ''Alien'' has been named by a number of publications as one of the most memorable in cinematic history.〔 Recognisable for his distinctive rich voice, he has also enjoyed a successful voice acting career in films such as ''Watership Down'' (1978), the animated ''The Lord of the Rings'' (1978), ''The Black Cauldron'', and ''Dogville'', as well as the BBC television series ''Merlin''. Among other honours, he has received two Academy Award nominations, a Golden Globe Award, and four BAFTA Awards, with the fourth being a Lifetime Achievement recognition for his outstanding contribution to British cinema. == Early life == Hurt was born in Chesterfield, Derbyshire,〔(England and Wales Birth records ) Retrieved 23 August 2014〕 the son of Phyllis (née Massey), an amateur actress and engineer, and Arnould Herbert Hurt, a mathematician who became a Church of England clergyman and served as vicar of Shirebrook.〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=John Hurt Biography (1940–) )〕〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=BBC Radio Derby )〕 Hurt's father was also Vicar of St John's parish, Sunderland. In 1937, he moved his family to Derbyshire, where he became Perpetual Curate of Holy Trinity Church. When Hurt was five, his father became the vicar of St. Stephen's Church in Woodville, south Derbyshire, and remained there until 1952. Hurt had a strict upbringing; the family lived opposite a cinema, but he was not allowed to see films there. He was also not permitted to mix with local children because his parents saw them as "too common". At the age of eight, Hurt was sent to the Anglican St Michael's Preparatory School in Otford, Kent, where he eventually developed his passion for acting. He decided he wanted to become an actor, and his first role was that of a girl in a school production of ''The Bluebird'' (L'Oiseau Bleu) by Maurice Maeterlinck. He has stated that while he was a pupil at the school, he was abused by Donald Cormack (now deceased), then Senior Master of the school and later Headmaster until his retirement in 1981.〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=History of St Michael's School )〕 Hurt has said that Cormack would remove his two false front teeth and put his tongue in the boys' mouths, and how he would rub their faces with his stubble, and that the experience affected him hugely. Hurt's father moved to Old Clee Church in Grimsby, Lincolnshire, and Hurt (then aged 12) became a boarder at Lincoln School (then a grammar school) in Lincoln, because he had failed the entrance examination for admission to his brother's school. Hurt often went with his mother to Cleethorpes Repertory Theatre, but his parents disliked his acting ambitions and encouraged him to become an art teacher instead. His headmaster, Mr Franklin, laughed when Hurt told him he wanted to be an actor, telling him that he "wouldn't stand a chance in the profession".〔 Aged 17, Hurt enrolled in Grimsby Art School (now the East Coast School of Art & Design), where he studied art. In 1959, he won a scholarship allowing him to study for an Art Teacher's Diploma (ATD) at Saint Martin's School of Art in London.〔Rob Sharp (19 April 2008). (Central Saint Martins: The art and soul of Britain ). ''The Independent'' (London). Retrieved July 2013.〕 Despite the scholarship, paying his tuition fees and living expenses was difficult, so he persuaded some of his friends to pose naked and sold the portraits. In 1960, he won a scholarship to RADA, where he trained for two years. He was then cast in small roles on television. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「John Hurt」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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